If you want to know how storage is allocated, presented, and used in the Exadata storage cell, use below commands to get the related information.
1- From any of the Exadatastorage servers, run an lsscsi -v command to list the physical devices:
[root@pk3-iub-cel-es01 ~]# lsscsi -v
[0:0:20:0] enclosu ORACLE CONCORD14 0d00 -
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/0:0:20:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:03.2/0000:50:00.0/host0/target0:0:20/0:0:20:0]
[0:2:0:0] disk LSI MR9261-8i 2.12 /dev/sda
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/0:2:0:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:03.2/0000:50:00.0/host0/target0:2:0/0:2:0:0]
[0:2:1:0] disk LSI MR9261-8i 2.12 /dev/sdb
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/0:2:1:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:03.2/0000:50:00.0/host0/target0:2:1/0:2:1:0]
[0:2:2:0] disk LSI MR9261-8i 2.12 /dev/sdc
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/0:2:2:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:03.2/0000:50:00.0/host0/target0:2:2/0:2:2:0]
[0:2:3:0] disk LSI MR9261-8i 2.12 /dev/sdd
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/0:2:3:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:03.2/0000:50:00.0/host0/target0:2:3/0:2:3:0]
[0:2:4:0] disk LSI MR9261-8i 2.12 /dev/sde
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/0:2:4:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:03.2/0000:50:00.0/host0/target0:2:4/0:2:4:0]
[0:2:5:0] disk LSI MR9261-8i 2.12 /dev/sdf
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/0:2:5:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:03.2/0000:50:00.0/host0/target0:2:5/0:2:5:0]
[0:2:6:0] disk LSI MR9261-8i 2.12 /dev/sdg
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/0:2:6:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:03.2/0000:50:00.0/host0/target0:2:6/0:2:6:0]
[0:2:7:0] disk LSI MR9261-8i 2.12 /dev/sdh
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/0:2:7:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:03.2/0000:50:00.0/host0/target0:2:7/0:2:7:0]
[0:2:8:0] disk LSI MR9261-8i 2.12 /dev/sdi
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/0:2:8:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:03.2/0000:50:00.0/host0/target0:2:8/0:2:8:0]
[0:2:9:0] disk LSI MR9261-8i 2.12 /dev/sdj
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/0:2:9:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:03.2/0000:50:00.0/host0/target0:2:9/0:2:9:0]
[0:2:10:0] disk LSI MR9261-8i 2.12 /dev/sdk
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/0:2:10:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:03.2/0000:50:00.0/host0/target0:2:10/0:2:10:0]
[0:2:11:0] disk LSI MR9261-8i 2.12 /dev/sdl
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/0:2:11:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:03.2/0000:50:00.0/host0/target0:2:11/0:2:11:0]
[1:0:0:0] disk ORACLE UNIGEN-UFD PMAP /dev/sdm
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/1:0:0:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.2/1-1.2:1.0/host1/target1:0:0/1:0:0:0]
[8:0:0:0] disk ATA 3E128-TS2-550B01 UI39 /dev/sdn
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/8:0:0:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.0/0000:20:00.0/host8/port-8:0/end_device-8:0/target8:0:0/8:0:0:0]
[8:0:1:0] disk ATA 3E128-TS2-550B01 UI39 /dev/sdo
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/8:0:1:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.0/0000:20:00.0/host8/port-8:1/end_device-8:1/target8:0:1/8:0:1:0]
[8:0:2:0] disk ATA 3E128-TS2-550B01 UI39 /dev/sdp
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/8:0:2:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.0/0000:20:00.0/host8/port-8:2/end_device-8:2/target8:0:2/8:0:2:0]
[8:0:3:0] disk ATA 3E128-TS2-550B01 UI39 /dev/sdq
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/8:0:3:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.0/0000:20:00.0/host8/port-8:3/end_device-8:3/target8:0:3/8:0:3:0]
[9:0:0:0] disk ATA 3E128-TS2-550B01 UI39 /dev/sdr
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/9:0:0:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.2/0000:30:00.0/host9/port-9:0/end_device-9:0/target9:0:0/9:0:0:0]
[9:0:1:0] disk ATA 3E128-TS2-550B01 UI39 /dev/sds
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/9:0:1:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.2/0000:30:00.0/host9/port-9:1/end_device-9:1/target9:0:1/9:0:1:0]
[9:0:2:0] disk ATA 3E128-TS2-550B01 UI39 /dev/sdt
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/9:0:2:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.2/0000:30:00.0/host9/port-9:2/end_device-9:2/target9:0:2/9:0:2:0]
[9:0:3:0] disk ATA 3E128-TS2-550B01 UI39 /dev/sdu
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/9:0:3:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.2/0000:30:00.0/host9/port-9:3/end_device-9:3/target9:0:3/9:0:3:0]
[10:0:0:0] disk ATA 3E128-TS2-550B01 UI39 /dev/sdv
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/10:0:0:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:80/0000:80:02.0/0000:90:00.0/host10/port-10:0/end_device-10:0/target10:0:0/10:0:0:0]
[10:0:1:0] disk ATA 3E128-TS2-550B01 UI39 /dev/sdw
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/10:0:1:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:80/0000:80:02.0/0000:90:00.0/host10/port-10:1/end_device-10:1/target10:0:1/10:0:1:0]
[10:0:2:0] disk ATA 3E128-TS2-550B01 UI39 /dev/sdx
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/10:0:2:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:80/0000:80:02.0/0000:90:00.0/host10/port-10:2/end_device-10:2/target10:0:2/10:0:2:0]
[10:0:3:0] disk ATA 3E128-TS2-550B01 UI39 /dev/sdy
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/10:0:3:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:80/0000:80:02.0/0000:90:00.0/host10/port-10:3/end_device-10:3/target10:0:3/10:0:3:0]
[11:0:0:0] disk ATA 3E128-TS2-550B01 UI39 /dev/sdz
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/11:0:0:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:80/0000:80:03.2/0000:b0:00.0/host11/port-11:0/end_device-11:0/target11:0:0/11:0:0:0]
[11:0:1:0] disk ATA 3E128-TS2-550B01 UI39 /dev/sdaa
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/11:0:1:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:80/0000:80:03.2/0000:b0:00.0/host11/port-11:1/end_device-11:1/target11:0:1/11:0:1:0]
[11:0:2:0] disk ATA 3E128-TS2-550B01 UI39 /dev/sdab
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/11:0:2:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:80/0000:80:03.2/0000:b0:00.0/host11/port-11:2/end_device-11:2/target11:0:2/11:0:2:0]
[11:0:3:0] disk ATA 3E128-TS2-550B01 UI39 /dev/sdac
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/11:0:3:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:80/0000:80:03.2/0000:b0:00.0/host11/port-11:3/end_device-11:3/target11:0:3/11:0:3:0]
The output shows both the physical SAS drives as well as flash devices, you can know the difference based on the vendor and model columns. The lines showing LSI indicate 12 SAS devices and you can see the physical device names in the last column of the output (i.e., /dev/sdk).
2- The physical drives are controlled via the LSI MegaRaid controller and you can use MegaCli64 to display more information about these disks:
[root@pk3-iub-cel-es01 ~]# /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -ShowSummary -aALL
System
Operating System: Linux version 2.6.32-400.11.1.el5uek
Driver Version: 00.00.06.12
CLI Version: 8.02.21
Hardware
Controller
ProductName : LSI MegaRAID SAS 9261-8i(Bus 0, Dev 0)
SAS Address : 500605b005c5d5c0
FW Package Version: 12.12.0-0140
Status : Optimal
BBU
BBU Type : iBBU08
Status : Healthy
Enclosure
Product Id : CONCORD14
Type : SES
Status : OK
Product Id : SGPIO
Type : SGPIO
Status : OK
PD
Connector : Port 0 - 3: Slot 0
Vendor Id : HITACHI
Product Id : HUS1560SCSUN600G
State : Online
Disk Type : SAS,Hard Disk Device
Capacity : 557.861 GB
Power State : Active
Connector : Port 0 - 3: Slot 1
Vendor Id : HITACHI
Product Id : HUS1560SCSUN600G
State : Online
Disk Type : SAS,Hard Disk Device
Capacity : 557.861 GB
Power State : Active
Connector : Port 0 - 3: Slot 2
Vendor Id : HITACHI
Product Id : HUS1560SCSUN600G
State : Online
Disk Type : SAS,Hard Disk Device
Capacity : 557.861 GB
Power State : Active
Connector : Port 0 - 3: Slot 3
Vendor Id : HITACHI
Product Id : HUS1560SCSUN600G
State : Online
Disk Type : SAS,Hard Disk Device
Capacity : 557.861 GB
Power State : Active
Connector : Port 0 - 3: Slot 4
Vendor Id : HITACHI
Product Id : HUS1560SCSUN600G
State : Online
Disk Type : SAS,Hard Disk Device
Capacity : 557.861 GB
Power State : Active
Connector : Port 0 - 3: Slot 5
Vendor Id : HITACHI
Product Id : HUS1560SCSUN600G
State : Online
Disk Type : SAS,Hard Disk Device
Capacity : 557.861 GB
Power State : Active
Connector : Port 0 - 3: Slot 6
Vendor Id : HITACHI
Product Id : HUS1560SCSUN600G
State : Online
Disk Type : SAS,Hard Disk Device
Capacity : 557.861 GB
Power State : Active
Connector : Port 0 - 3: Slot 7
Vendor Id : HITACHI
Product Id : HUS1560SCSUN600G
State : Online
Disk Type : SAS,Hard Disk Device
Capacity : 557.861 GB
Power State : Active
Connector : Port 0 - 3: Slot 8
Vendor Id : HITACHI
Product Id : HUS1560SCSUN600G
State : Online
Disk Type : SAS,Hard Disk Device
Capacity : 557.861 GB
Power State : Active
Connector : Port 0 - 3: Slot 9
Vendor Id : HITACHI
Product Id : HUS1560SCSUN600G
State : Online
Disk Type : SAS,Hard Disk Device
Capacity : 557.861 GB
Power State : Active
Connector : Port 0 - 3: Slot 10
Vendor Id : HITACHI
Product Id : HUS1560SCSUN600G
State : Online
Disk Type : SAS,Hard Disk Device
Capacity : 557.861 GB
Power State : Active
Connector : Port 0 - 3: Slot 11
Vendor Id : HITACHI
Product Id : HUS1560SCSUN600G
State : Online
Disk Type : SAS,Hard Disk Device
Capacity : 557.861 GB
Power State : Active
Storage
Virtual Drives
Virtual drive : Target Id 0 ,VD name
Size : 557.861 GB
State : Optimal
RAID Level : 0
Virtual drive : Target Id 1 ,VD name
Size : 557.861 GB
State : Optimal
RAID Level : 0
Virtual drive : Target Id 2 ,VD name
Size : 557.861 GB
State : Optimal
RAID Level : 0
Virtual drive : Target Id 3 ,VD name
Size : 557.861 GB
State : Optimal
RAID Level : 0
Virtual drive : Target Id 4 ,VD name
Size : 557.861 GB
State : Optimal
RAID Level : 0
Virtual drive : Target Id 5 ,VD name
Size : 557.861 GB
State : Optimal
RAID Level : 0
Virtual drive : Target Id 6 ,VD name
Size : 557.861 GB
State : Optimal
RAID Level : 0
Virtual drive : Target Id 7 ,VD name
Size : 557.861 GB
State : Optimal
RAID Level : 0
Virtual drive : Target Id 8 ,VD name
Size : 557.861 GB
State : Optimal
RAID Level : 0
Virtual drive : Target Id 9 ,VD name
Size : 557.861 GB
State : Optimal
RAID Level : 0
Virtual drive : Target Id 10 ,VD name
Size : 557.861 GB
State : Optimal
RAID Level : 0
Virtual drive : Target Id 11 ,VD name
Size : 557.861 GB
State : Optimal
RAID Level : 0
Exit Code: 0x00
[root@pk3-iub-cel-es01 ~]#
[root@pk3-iub-cel-es01 ~]# cellcli -e list physicaldisk where disktype=HardDisk attributes
name,physicalSize
20:0 558.9109999993816G
20:1 558.9109999993816G
20:2 558.9109999993816G
20:3 558.9109999993816G
20:4 558.9109999993816G
20:5 558.9109999993816G
20:6 558.9109999993816G
20:7 558.9109999993816G
20:8 558.9109999993816G
20:9 558.9109999993816G
20:10 558.9109999993816G
20:11 558.9109999993816G
[root@pk3-iub-cel-es01 ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/md5 9.9G 5.3G 4.1G 57% /
tmpfs 32G 0 32G 0% /dev/shm
/dev/md7 2.0G 678M 1.3G 36% /opt/oracle
/dev/md4 114M 31M 78M 28% /boot
/dev/md11 2.3G 147M 2.1G 7% /var/log/oracle
[root@pk3-iub-cel-es01 ~]# imageinfo | grep partition
Active system partition on device: /dev/md5
Active software partition on device: /dev/md7
In partition rollback: Impossible
Cell boot usb partition: /dev/sdm1
Rollback to the inactive partitions: Impossible
5- Based on the /dev/md* Filesystem names, we know we’ve got software RAID in play for these devices and that this RAID was created using mdadm. Let’s query our mdadm configuration on /dev/md6 (the output is similar for /dev/md5, /dev/md8, and /dev/md11):
[root@pk3-iub-cel-es01 ~]# mdadm -Q -D /dev/md5
/dev/md5:
Version : 0.90
Creation Time : Mon May 13 10:56:26 2013
Raid Level : raid1
Array Size : 10482304 (10.00 GiB 10.73 GB)
Used Dev Size : 10482304 (10.00 GiB 10.73 GB)
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 2
Preferred Minor : 5
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Update Time : Mon Jun 16 13:40:31 2014
State : clean
Active Devices : 2
Working Devices : 2
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
UUID : acf7cc99:2d47afad:628dfa70:17e447ff
Events : 0.38
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 5 0 active sync /dev/sda5
1 8 21 1 active sync /dev/sdb5
From this output, we can see that the /dev/sda and /dev/sdb physical devices are software mirrored via mdadm. If you do anfdisk –l on these devices, you will see the following:
[root@pk3-iub-cel-es01 ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sda
Disk /dev/sda: 598.9 GB, 598999040000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 72824 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 15 120456 fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sda2 16 16 8032+ 83 Linux
/dev/sda3 17 69039 554427247+ 83 Linux
/dev/sda4 69040 72824 30403012+ f W95 Ext'd (LBA)
/dev/sda5 69040 70344 10482381 fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sda6 70345 71649 10482381 fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sda7 71650 71910 2096451 fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sda8 71911 72171 2096451 fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sda9 72172 72432 2096451 fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sda10 72433 72521 714861 fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sda11 72522 72824 2433816 fd Linux raid autodetect
1- From any of the Exadatastorage servers, run an lsscsi -v command to list the physical devices:
[root@pk3-iub-cel-es01 ~]# lsscsi -v
[0:0:20:0] enclosu ORACLE CONCORD14 0d00 -
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/0:0:20:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:03.2/0000:50:00.0/host0/target0:0:20/0:0:20:0]
[0:2:0:0] disk LSI MR9261-8i 2.12 /dev/sda
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/0:2:0:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:03.2/0000:50:00.0/host0/target0:2:0/0:2:0:0]
[0:2:1:0] disk LSI MR9261-8i 2.12 /dev/sdb
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/0:2:1:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:03.2/0000:50:00.0/host0/target0:2:1/0:2:1:0]
[0:2:2:0] disk LSI MR9261-8i 2.12 /dev/sdc
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/0:2:2:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:03.2/0000:50:00.0/host0/target0:2:2/0:2:2:0]
[0:2:3:0] disk LSI MR9261-8i 2.12 /dev/sdd
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/0:2:3:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:03.2/0000:50:00.0/host0/target0:2:3/0:2:3:0]
[0:2:4:0] disk LSI MR9261-8i 2.12 /dev/sde
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/0:2:4:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:03.2/0000:50:00.0/host0/target0:2:4/0:2:4:0]
[0:2:5:0] disk LSI MR9261-8i 2.12 /dev/sdf
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/0:2:5:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:03.2/0000:50:00.0/host0/target0:2:5/0:2:5:0]
[0:2:6:0] disk LSI MR9261-8i 2.12 /dev/sdg
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/0:2:6:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:03.2/0000:50:00.0/host0/target0:2:6/0:2:6:0]
[0:2:7:0] disk LSI MR9261-8i 2.12 /dev/sdh
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/0:2:7:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:03.2/0000:50:00.0/host0/target0:2:7/0:2:7:0]
[0:2:8:0] disk LSI MR9261-8i 2.12 /dev/sdi
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/0:2:8:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:03.2/0000:50:00.0/host0/target0:2:8/0:2:8:0]
[0:2:9:0] disk LSI MR9261-8i 2.12 /dev/sdj
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/0:2:9:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:03.2/0000:50:00.0/host0/target0:2:9/0:2:9:0]
[0:2:10:0] disk LSI MR9261-8i 2.12 /dev/sdk
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/0:2:10:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:03.2/0000:50:00.0/host0/target0:2:10/0:2:10:0]
[0:2:11:0] disk LSI MR9261-8i 2.12 /dev/sdl
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/0:2:11:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:03.2/0000:50:00.0/host0/target0:2:11/0:2:11:0]
[1:0:0:0] disk ORACLE UNIGEN-UFD PMAP /dev/sdm
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/1:0:0:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.2/1-1.2:1.0/host1/target1:0:0/1:0:0:0]
[8:0:0:0] disk ATA 3E128-TS2-550B01 UI39 /dev/sdn
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/8:0:0:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.0/0000:20:00.0/host8/port-8:0/end_device-8:0/target8:0:0/8:0:0:0]
[8:0:1:0] disk ATA 3E128-TS2-550B01 UI39 /dev/sdo
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/8:0:1:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.0/0000:20:00.0/host8/port-8:1/end_device-8:1/target8:0:1/8:0:1:0]
[8:0:2:0] disk ATA 3E128-TS2-550B01 UI39 /dev/sdp
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/8:0:2:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.0/0000:20:00.0/host8/port-8:2/end_device-8:2/target8:0:2/8:0:2:0]
[8:0:3:0] disk ATA 3E128-TS2-550B01 UI39 /dev/sdq
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/8:0:3:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.0/0000:20:00.0/host8/port-8:3/end_device-8:3/target8:0:3/8:0:3:0]
[9:0:0:0] disk ATA 3E128-TS2-550B01 UI39 /dev/sdr
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/9:0:0:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.2/0000:30:00.0/host9/port-9:0/end_device-9:0/target9:0:0/9:0:0:0]
[9:0:1:0] disk ATA 3E128-TS2-550B01 UI39 /dev/sds
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/9:0:1:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.2/0000:30:00.0/host9/port-9:1/end_device-9:1/target9:0:1/9:0:1:0]
[9:0:2:0] disk ATA 3E128-TS2-550B01 UI39 /dev/sdt
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/9:0:2:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.2/0000:30:00.0/host9/port-9:2/end_device-9:2/target9:0:2/9:0:2:0]
[9:0:3:0] disk ATA 3E128-TS2-550B01 UI39 /dev/sdu
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/9:0:3:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.2/0000:30:00.0/host9/port-9:3/end_device-9:3/target9:0:3/9:0:3:0]
[10:0:0:0] disk ATA 3E128-TS2-550B01 UI39 /dev/sdv
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/10:0:0:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:80/0000:80:02.0/0000:90:00.0/host10/port-10:0/end_device-10:0/target10:0:0/10:0:0:0]
[10:0:1:0] disk ATA 3E128-TS2-550B01 UI39 /dev/sdw
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/10:0:1:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:80/0000:80:02.0/0000:90:00.0/host10/port-10:1/end_device-10:1/target10:0:1/10:0:1:0]
[10:0:2:0] disk ATA 3E128-TS2-550B01 UI39 /dev/sdx
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/10:0:2:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:80/0000:80:02.0/0000:90:00.0/host10/port-10:2/end_device-10:2/target10:0:2/10:0:2:0]
[10:0:3:0] disk ATA 3E128-TS2-550B01 UI39 /dev/sdy
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/10:0:3:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:80/0000:80:02.0/0000:90:00.0/host10/port-10:3/end_device-10:3/target10:0:3/10:0:3:0]
[11:0:0:0] disk ATA 3E128-TS2-550B01 UI39 /dev/sdz
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/11:0:0:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:80/0000:80:03.2/0000:b0:00.0/host11/port-11:0/end_device-11:0/target11:0:0/11:0:0:0]
[11:0:1:0] disk ATA 3E128-TS2-550B01 UI39 /dev/sdaa
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/11:0:1:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:80/0000:80:03.2/0000:b0:00.0/host11/port-11:1/end_device-11:1/target11:0:1/11:0:1:0]
[11:0:2:0] disk ATA 3E128-TS2-550B01 UI39 /dev/sdab
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/11:0:2:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:80/0000:80:03.2/0000:b0:00.0/host11/port-11:2/end_device-11:2/target11:0:2/11:0:2:0]
[11:0:3:0] disk ATA 3E128-TS2-550B01 UI39 /dev/sdac
dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/11:0:3:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:80/0000:80:03.2/0000:b0:00.0/host11/port-11:3/end_device-11:3/target11:0:3/11:0:3:0]
The output shows both the physical SAS drives as well as flash devices, you can know the difference based on the vendor and model columns. The lines showing LSI indicate 12 SAS devices and you can see the physical device names in the last column of the output (i.e., /dev/sdk).
2- The physical drives are controlled via the LSI MegaRaid controller and you can use MegaCli64 to display more information about these disks:
[root@pk3-iub-cel-es01 ~]# /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -ShowSummary -aALL
System
Operating System: Linux version 2.6.32-400.11.1.el5uek
Driver Version: 00.00.06.12
CLI Version: 8.02.21
Hardware
Controller
ProductName : LSI MegaRAID SAS 9261-8i(Bus 0, Dev 0)
SAS Address : 500605b005c5d5c0
FW Package Version: 12.12.0-0140
Status : Optimal
BBU
BBU Type : iBBU08
Status : Healthy
Enclosure
Product Id : CONCORD14
Type : SES
Status : OK
Product Id : SGPIO
Type : SGPIO
Status : OK
PD
Connector : Port 0 - 3
Vendor Id : HITACHI
Product Id : HUS1560SCSUN600G
State : Online
Disk Type : SAS,Hard Disk Device
Capacity : 557.861 GB
Power State : Active
Connector : Port 0 - 3
Vendor Id : HITACHI
Product Id : HUS1560SCSUN600G
State : Online
Disk Type : SAS,Hard Disk Device
Capacity : 557.861 GB
Power State : Active
Connector : Port 0 - 3
Vendor Id : HITACHI
Product Id : HUS1560SCSUN600G
State : Online
Disk Type : SAS,Hard Disk Device
Capacity : 557.861 GB
Power State : Active
Connector : Port 0 - 3
Vendor Id : HITACHI
Product Id : HUS1560SCSUN600G
State : Online
Disk Type : SAS,Hard Disk Device
Capacity : 557.861 GB
Power State : Active
Connector : Port 0 - 3
Vendor Id : HITACHI
Product Id : HUS1560SCSUN600G
State : Online
Disk Type : SAS,Hard Disk Device
Capacity : 557.861 GB
Power State : Active
Connector : Port 0 - 3
Vendor Id : HITACHI
Product Id : HUS1560SCSUN600G
State : Online
Disk Type : SAS,Hard Disk Device
Capacity : 557.861 GB
Power State : Active
Connector : Port 0 - 3
Vendor Id : HITACHI
Product Id : HUS1560SCSUN600G
State : Online
Disk Type : SAS,Hard Disk Device
Capacity : 557.861 GB
Power State : Active
Connector : Port 0 - 3
Vendor Id : HITACHI
Product Id : HUS1560SCSUN600G
State : Online
Disk Type : SAS,Hard Disk Device
Capacity : 557.861 GB
Power State : Active
Connector : Port 0 - 3
Vendor Id : HITACHI
Product Id : HUS1560SCSUN600G
State : Online
Disk Type : SAS,Hard Disk Device
Capacity : 557.861 GB
Power State : Active
Connector : Port 0 - 3
Vendor Id : HITACHI
Product Id : HUS1560SCSUN600G
State : Online
Disk Type : SAS,Hard Disk Device
Capacity : 557.861 GB
Power State : Active
Connector : Port 0 - 3
Vendor Id : HITACHI
Product Id : HUS1560SCSUN600G
State : Online
Disk Type : SAS,Hard Disk Device
Capacity : 557.861 GB
Power State : Active
Connector : Port 0 - 3
Vendor Id : HITACHI
Product Id : HUS1560SCSUN600G
State : Online
Disk Type : SAS,Hard Disk Device
Capacity : 557.861 GB
Power State : Active
Storage
Virtual Drives
Virtual drive : Target Id 0 ,VD name
Size : 557.861 GB
State : Optimal
RAID Level : 0
Virtual drive : Target Id 1 ,VD name
Size : 557.861 GB
State : Optimal
RAID Level : 0
Virtual drive : Target Id 2 ,VD name
Size : 557.861 GB
State : Optimal
RAID Level : 0
Virtual drive : Target Id 3 ,VD name
Size : 557.861 GB
State : Optimal
RAID Level : 0
Virtual drive : Target Id 4 ,VD name
Size : 557.861 GB
State : Optimal
RAID Level : 0
Virtual drive : Target Id 5 ,VD name
Size : 557.861 GB
State : Optimal
RAID Level : 0
Virtual drive : Target Id 6 ,VD name
Size : 557.861 GB
State : Optimal
RAID Level : 0
Virtual drive : Target Id 7 ,VD name
Size : 557.861 GB
State : Optimal
RAID Level : 0
Virtual drive : Target Id 8 ,VD name
Size : 557.861 GB
State : Optimal
RAID Level : 0
Virtual drive : Target Id 9 ,VD name
Size : 557.861 GB
State : Optimal
RAID Level : 0
Virtual drive : Target Id 10 ,VD name
Size : 557.861 GB
State : Optimal
RAID Level : 0
Virtual drive : Target Id 11 ,VD name
Size : 557.861 GB
State : Optimal
RAID Level : 0
Exit Code: 0x00
[root@pk3-iub-cel-es01 ~]#
Notice there are twelve 557.861 GB disks in this storage server. Based on the disk sizes, we know that this storage server has High Performance disk drives. Using CellCLI, we can confirm this and note the corresponding sizes:
[root@pk3-iub-cel-es01 ~]# cellcli -e list physicaldisk where disktype=HardDisk attributes
name,physicalSize
20:0 558.9109999993816G
20:1 558.9109999993816G
20:2 558.9109999993816G
20:3 558.9109999993816G
20:4 558.9109999993816G
20:5 558.9109999993816G
20:6 558.9109999993816G
20:7 558.9109999993816G
20:8 558.9109999993816G
20:9 558.9109999993816G
20:10 558.9109999993816G
20:11 558.9109999993816G
3- Each Exadata Storage Server has twelve physical SAS disks and four 96 GB PCIe Sun Flash Accelerator flash cards, each partitioned into four 24 GB partitions. From an operating system point of view, however, you can only see a small subset of this physical storage:
[root@pk3-iub-cel-es01 ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/md5 9.9G 5.3G 4.1G 57% /
tmpfs 32G 0 32G 0% /dev/shm
/dev/md7 2.0G 678M 1.3G 36% /opt/oracle
/dev/md4 114M 31M 78M 28% /boot
/dev/md11 2.3G 147M 2.1G 7% /var/log/oracle
4- Using imageinfo command which lists Exadata cell system image version, search for lines containing the word “partition”, you can see which device your system and software partitions are installed:
[root@pk3-iub-cel-es01 ~]# imageinfo | grep partition
Active system partition on device: /dev/md5
Active software partition on device: /dev/md7
In partition rollback: Impossible
Cell boot usb partition: /dev/sdm1
Rollback to the inactive partitions: Impossible
This storage, as well as the other mount points presented on your storage servers, is physically stored in two of the twelve physical SAS disks and is referred to as the System Area and the volumes are referred to as System Volumes.
5- Based on the /dev/md* Filesystem names, we know we’ve got software RAID in play for these devices and that this RAID was created using mdadm. Let’s query our mdadm configuration on /dev/md6 (the output is similar for /dev/md5, /dev/md8, and /dev/md11):
[root@pk3-iub-cel-es01 ~]# mdadm -Q -D /dev/md5
/dev/md5:
Version : 0.90
Creation Time : Mon May 13 10:56:26 2013
Raid Level : raid1
Array Size : 10482304 (10.00 GiB 10.73 GB)
Used Dev Size : 10482304 (10.00 GiB 10.73 GB)
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 2
Preferred Minor : 5
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Update Time : Mon Jun 16 13:40:31 2014
State : clean
Active Devices : 2
Working Devices : 2
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
UUID : acf7cc99:2d47afad:628dfa70:17e447ff
Events : 0.38
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 5 0 active sync /dev/sda5
1 8 21 1 active sync /dev/sdb5
From this output, we can see that the /dev/sda and /dev/sdb physical devices are software mirrored via mdadm. If you do anfdisk –l on these devices, you will see the following:
[root@pk3-iub-cel-es01 ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sda
Disk /dev/sda: 598.9 GB, 598999040000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 72824 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 15 120456 fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sda2 16 16 8032+ 83 Linux
/dev/sda3 17 69039 554427247+ 83 Linux
/dev/sda4 69040 72824 30403012+ f W95 Ext'd (LBA)
/dev/sda5 69040 70344 10482381 fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sda6 70345 71649 10482381 fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sda7 71650 71910 2096451 fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sda8 71911 72171 2096451 fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sda9 72172 72432 2096451 fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sda10 72433 72521 714861 fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sda11 72522 72824 2433816 fd Linux raid autodetect
Each ExadataStorage Server is comprised of 12 physical SAS disks. These disks are primarily used for database storage, but Oracle uses a small 29 GB chunk of storage on the first two physical disks to house the Oracle Linux operating system, ExadataStorage Server software, the /boot file system, as well as /var/log/oracle, which contains Cell Services
and log and diagnostics files. Oracle calls this 29 GB slice of storage the System Area.
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